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Learning to Fly in the Dark
Night flying used to mean working with whatever light the sky gave you.
Army aviators relied heavily on moonlight, the natural horizon, instruments, terrain familiarity, careful navigation, and close crew coordination. At low altitude, a road, river, town, or ridgeline that was obvious during the day could almost disappear after sunset.
Then night vision technology began changing the equation.
The Army experimented with a goggle type device in Southeast Asia as early as 1969. By 1973, the AN/PVS-5 had been accepted as an interim night vision system for pilots.
The early goggles were a long way from what aviators know today.
They offered a limited field of view, reduced visual acuity, and made judging distance and identifying obstacles difficult. Instead of simply issuing goggles and sending crews flying, the Army had to learn how to operate an aircraft through them.
In 1976, four sets of AN/PVS-5s arrived at the Army Aviation Center at Fort Rucker. Instructor pilots began developing the training from scratch. Early flights stayed around the stagefield while crews learned what the goggles could and could not do.
Over the next several years, training expanded into low level and tactical flying. By 1983, Army flight school graduates were receiving NVG qualification.
Units such as the newly formed 160th would push night flying even further, helping develop techniques for low level operations in darkness that became central to modern Army Aviation.
Today, flying under goggles is simply part of the profession. Getting there took years of experimentation, instructor pilots willing to learn a completely new way to fly, and aircrews discovering the limitations one flight at a time.
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